Austrian motor racing great Niki Lauda, who has died at the age of 70, became a global symbol of resilience and determination after a comeback from a near-fatal crash.
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Lauda was so badly injured in that accident at the 1976 German Grand Prix that a priest gave him the last rites as he lay in a coma.
![Formula 1 legend and 3 time World Champion Niki Lauda in 2018 in Melbourne. Picture: AAP Formula 1 legend and 3 time World Champion Niki Lauda in 2018 in Melbourne. Picture: AAP](/images/transform/v1/crop/frm/fdcx/doc75fvpcj9h0nl1fl8gf8.jpg/r0_185_2382_1524_w1200_h678_fmax.jpg)
His Ferrari had slammed into a barrier and then burst into flames as it spun back onto the track, where an oncoming car hit it again. By the time he was pulled from the wreckage, his face, scalp and right ear were severely burnt and his lungs scorched.
Just six weeks later, his burns bandaged and raw, he was racing again, vying to retain his Formula One world title. It remains one of the sport's most memorable acts of courage and defiance.
"It was the most terrifying weekend," he told Reuters in 2013, in a late admission about how scared he was to race so soon after cheating death. He finished fourth that day.
But he would rarely indulge in such sentiment, even long after a racing career in which he won three world championship titles, as many as Brazil's Ayrton Senna or Briton Jackie Stewart.
"It's finished. I live today and think of tomorrow. Take the experience," he said in the same interview.
Lauda, who would later become a racing team executive and airline entrepreneur, applied that no-nonsense style to most things. When he had accumulated so many trophies that were mostly "ugly and for me useless", he gave them to his local garageman in exchange for a lifetime of free car washes.
![Niki Lauda behind the wheel of his Ferrari 312 T2 on the track of Florano after a near fatal crash in 1976. Niki Lauda behind the wheel of his Ferrari 312 T2 on the track of Florano after a near fatal crash in 1976.](/images/transform/v1/crop/frm/fdcx/doc75fyqk9w79ej7lzt8iy.jpg/r0_184_2916_1826_w1200_h678_fmax.jpg)
Apart from reconstructive work on his eyes and eyelids he opted against cosmetic surgery on the burns that disfigured him. Instead he covered much of them with a baseball cap that became his trademark, charging sponsors to put their logo on it.
"Sure, people change their tits and ass and whatever. In my case there could be something done but I wouldn't. Because this is a fact of life and that's it," he said.
Lauda also saw the lighter side. Even before his crash his buck teeth earned him the nickname "The Rat", and he would later recall that his friend and rival James Hunt told him he looked better after the accident than before - a scene depicted in the Hollywood film Rush about their rivalry that season.
"Now if people try to annoy me with comments about my face, I just say: 'I had an accident. But you were born this way,'" he told German newspaper Die Welt.
He overcame internal injuries, too. After two kidney transplants in 1997 and 2009, he underwent a lung transplant in 2018, 42 years almost to the day after the crash at the Nuerburgring in which he inhaled hot toxic gases.
Doggedness was a hallmark of his life.
Born to a wealthy Vienna family, he defied its wishes to pursue a racing career. Lauda's grandfather, who was on the supervisory board of an Austrian bank, even blocked his own firm's sponsorship deal with his grandson. The family rebel took out loans to fund his early years.
In 1979, after two years with the less competitive Brabham-Alfa Romeo team in which he failed to win a world title, he decided he was fed up with driving and retired from the sport.
![Niki Lauda, following his near fatal crash at the German Grand Prix six weeks prior, announces he would start at the Italian Grand Prix at Monza at a press conference in 1976. Niki Lauda, following his near fatal crash at the German Grand Prix six weeks prior, announces he would start at the Italian Grand Prix at Monza at a press conference in 1976.](/images/transform/v1/crop/frm/fdcx/doc75fyqwqcfeoz37ok8iy.jpg/r0_0_3049_1709_w1200_h678_fmax.jpg)
He struck out on his own again that year, founding his first airline, Lauda Air, which he would sell to Austrian Airlines three decades later, having made a habit of surprising passengers by flying their plane himself.
That career brought its own major setback in 1991 when a Lauda Air plane crashed in Thailand, killing 223 people. Eventually the Boeing plane rather than his airline was found to be at fault.
"People always think that the worst time of my life must have been after the German Grand Prix crash ... But it wasn't," he told the Observer newspaper in 2006. "When you run an airline and more than 200 people want to go from A to B and they don't arrive -- that's a different responsibility."
His love of aviation endured. Last year he bought back another airline he founded, Niki, after its new parent Air Berlin went bankrupt. He rebranded it Laudamotion and soon sold a stake to Ryanair, quickly recouping much of his investment.
As with aviation, he was unable to turn his back on racing for long. Just two years after he first retired from the sport, the McLaren team lured him back, and he won his third world championship in 1984. Only five drivers have won more titles.
His tally was very nearly higher. The year of his crash he lost the world title to Hunt by a single point after deciding the rain-soaked last race of the season was too dangerous. He retired after a single lap.