China needs to be more open about what British Foreign Secretary James Cleverly calls the biggest military build-up in peacetime history as he warns secrecy about its plans could lead to a "tragic miscalculation".
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Relations between Britain and China are the worst in decades after London restricted Chinese investment over national security concerns and expressed concern at Beijing's increasing military and economic assertiveness.
In a speech at Mansion House in London's historic financial district on Tuesday, Cleverly said Britain should engage "robustly and constructively" with China despite what he called "revulsion" over the treatment of Uyghurs in Xinjiang.
In a warning over the future of Taiwan, Cleverly said invading the self-ruled island would destroy world trade and distance would offer no protection from the "catastrophic blow" to the global and Chinese economy.
A Chinese foreign ministry representative said last week the greatest threat to peace in the Taiwan Strait was the "separatist acts of Taiwan independence and the connivance and support of foreign forces".
Cleverly's speech is the clearest attempt to explain Britain's approach to China under Prime Minister Rishi Sunak, who said at the end of last year the so-called "golden era" of relations under former prime minister David Cameron was over.
In contrast to French President Emmanuel Macron's attempts to distance Europe from any involvement in a conflict over Taiwan, Cleverly said "no country could shield itself from the repercussions of a war in Taiwan".
Cleverly said Britain was open to deepening co-operation with allies in the Indo-Pacific and called for China to be clear about its military intentions.
"I urge China to be equally open about the doctrine and intent behind its military expansion because transparency is surely in everyone's interests and secrecy can only increase the risk of tragic miscalculation," he said.
China claims Taiwan as its own and has not renounced the use of force to ensure eventual unification.
It has also said it will defend its territorial sovereignty, maritime rights and interests.
"If the UK wants to maintain peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait, it should strictly abide by the one-China principle and firmly oppose Taiwan independence and separatism," Chinese Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Mao Ning told reporters on Wednesday.
China demands countries with which it maintains diplomatic ties recognise China's position that there is only "one China" and that Taiwan is a part of it.
The foreign minister's annual speech to Mansion House normally sets out a range of foreign policy issues.
But Cleverly's speech, apart from a few brief remarks on the evacuation of Sudan and Ukraine, focused solely on China, in what the foreign ministry said was recognition of its "huge significance" to global affairs.
Cleverly, who hopes to visit China this year, said it would be a mistake to isolate China and engagement was needed in areas such as climate change, pandemic prevention, economic stability and nuclear proliferation.
"It would be clear and easy - perhaps even satisfying - for me to declare a new Cold War," he said.
"Clear, easy, satisfying - and wrong."
However, Cleverly said Britain would protect its national security interests and call out Beijing if it broke its international obligations or abused human rights.
He used his speech to condemn the treatment of the Uyghur people in China's Xinjiang region.
Cleverly said China was building "a 21st-century version of the Gulag archipelago" and "locking up over a million people at the height of this campaign, often for doing nothing more than observing their religion".
China has vigorously denied allegations of abuse in Xinjiang.
Australian Associated Press
