NATO is launching its biggest military exercises in decades with some 90,000 personnel set to take part in months of drills aimed at showing the alliance can defend all of its territory up to its border with Russia.
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The exercises come as Russia's war on Ukraine bogs down.
The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) is not directly involved in the conflict, except to supply Kyiv with non-lethal support, although many member countries send weapons and ammunition individually or in groups, and provide military training.
In the months before President Vladimir Putin ordered Russian troops into Ukraine in February 2022, NATO began beefing up security on its eastern flank with Russia and Ukraine - the alliance's biggest build-up since the Cold War.
The war games are meant to deter Russia from targeting a member country.
The exercises - dubbed Steadfast Defender 24 - "will show that NATO can conduct and sustain complex multi-domain operations over several months, across thousands of kilometres, from the High North to Central and Eastern Europe, and in any condition", the 31-nation organisation said.
Troops will move to and through Europe until the end of May in what NATO describes as "a simulated emerging conflict scenario with a near-peer adversary".
Under NATO's new defence plans, its chief adversaries are Russia and terrorist organisations.
"The alliance will demonstrate its ability to reinforce the Euro-Atlantic area via transatlantic movement of forces from North America," NATO's Supreme Allied Commander, United States General Christopher Cavoli, told reporters.
Cavoli said the exercises would demonstrate "our unity, our strength, and our determination to protect each other".
The chair of the NATO Military Committee, Admiral Rob Bauer, said it was "a record number of troops that we can bring to bear and have an exercise within that size, across the alliance, across the ocean from the US to Europe".
Bauer described it as "a big change" compared to troop numbers exercising a year ago.
Sweden, which is expected to join NATO this year, will also take part.
UK Defence Secretary Grant Shapps has said the government would send 20,000 troops backed by advanced fighter jets, surveillance planes, warships and submarines, with many to be deployed in eastern Europe from February to June.
Australian Associated Press
